Uganda is one of the most exciting safari destinations in Africa. Nicknamed the “Pearl of Africa” by Winston Churchill, this East African country is home to a stunning landscapes with a wide variety of animals and birds - from the majestic mountain gorillas to the rare shoebill stork.
If you’re thinking about visiting Africa for nature and wildlife, Uganda can give you much more than you would expect from a country it's size. Most tourists go to Uganda for wildlife encounters of birds and animals in their natural habitat.
This article will highlight some of the popular animals and birds you could see on a Uganda safari trip. we'll also give you more information to help you fully understand the possibilities that await you when visiting Uganda - and plan an unforgettable experience.
Animals to See in Uganda
Uganda is rich in large mammals, and whether you’re tracking gorillas in the forest or spotting elephants on the savannah, the diversity will leave you in awe.
Here are some of the animals you’re likely to encounter on your Uganda safari.
1. Mountain Gorillas
Mountain gorillas are the highlight of any safari in Uganda. Uganda is one of the few places in the world where you can trek through dense forest to see gorillas in their natural habitat.
Bwindi Impenetrable National Park is a prime location for gorilla trekking, with about half of the world’s remaining mountain gorillas found here.
Why special: Seeing gorillas is a life-changing experience. Beyond them sharing around 98% of DNA with humans, gorillas exhibit behaviours that will make you truly agree that they are very intelligent animals and definitely our close cousins.
The activity is highly controlled to ensure that the tourism is good for the gorillas, and the forest where they live.
Related article: Answers to Common Questions about gorilla trekking
2. Chimpanzees
While gorillas often steal the spotlight, Uganda is also one of the best places to track chimpanzees in the wild. Chimpanzee tracking is especially popular in Kibale National Park, which is home to the largest population of wild chimpanzees. You can also spot them in Budongo Forest and Kyambura Gorge.
Why special: As with gorillas, the similarity to humans is incredibly humbling. Watching chimps swing through trees, groom each other or communicate with the group offers a wonderful glimpse into the intelligence of our closest living relatives.
Many safaris often combine gorilla trekking and chimp tracking and this give them a direct line of comparison of our 2 close animal relatives.
3. African Elephants
African elephants are the largest land animals on Earth, and Uganda is home to two types - the savannah elephant and the smaller, more elusive forest elephant. Murchison Falls National Park and Queen Elizabeth National Park are great places to see these gentle giants.
In both Murchison Falls and Queen Elizabeth national parks, you can see elephants on a game drive inside the safari vehicle, as well as on a boat safari along the Kazinga channel or Nile river - respectively.
Why special: Whether you’re seeing a herd of elephants on the open plains or watching them bathe in a river, the sheer size and majesty of these creatures is always impressive.
4. Lions, Including Tree-Climbing Lions
No African safari is complete without seeing the “king of the jungle”.
Lions are commonly seen in Queen Elizabeth National Park and Murchison Falls National Park, but Uganda has a unique twist - tree-climbing lions. In the Ishasha sector of Queen Elizabeth National Park, you might spot lions lounging in the branches of large fig trees, something rarely seen in other parts of Africa.
Tree-climbing lions are a rare sight, and seeing these apex predators balanced on tree branches is a unique highlight of any safari. While most lions can climb, the lions is Ishasha tend to go to ground only to hunt.
Why special: Lions are called the king of the jungle because we truly admire their bravery and ability to survive in the gruelling conditions of the wild savannahs. When you see lions - especially in the wild, you understand that while they are cats, they are far from your ordinary understanding of cats - they are kings.
5. Leopards
Leopards are known for being elusive and stealthy, but Uganda offers several opportunities to see these stunning big cats in the wild. Murchison Falls, Queen Elizabeth and Kidepo Valley national parks are known for good leopard sightings, especially during night game drives.
Why special: Their stealth and elusive nature makes it hard for anyone to guarantee a leopard sighting in the wild, but once you see them and look into those striking eyes - they will capture your heart.
6. Rhinos
While rhinos were once wiped out in Uganda due to poaching, they are slowly making a comeback thanks to conservation efforts. Ziwa Rhino Sanctuary is currently the only place in Uganda where you can see rhinos. The re-introduction of rhinos started in 2005, and the steady increase in population means that soon some rhinos will be re-introduced into national parks.
Since Ziwa is located along the way from Kampala to Murchison Falls National Park, a stop for the rhinos is worth it, and contributes to the restoration of these incredible animals into the wild.
Why special: At Ziwa, you can track rhinos on foot as the experienced rangers tell you all about rhinos as well as the ongoing conservation efforts.
7. African Buffaloes
African buffaloes are one of the most common animals seen on a Uganda safari. These strong and sturdy creatures are often seen grazing in large herds across national parks like Queen Elizabeth, Murchison Falls, and Kidepo Valley.
African buffaloes look like the domestic cow and play an important role in the natural ecosystem as the grazers of the savannah.
Why special: Buffaloes are known for their unpredictable nature and strength, making them one of Africa’s most dangerous animals.
8. Hippopotamuses
Hippos are common in Uganda’s rivers and lakes, especially in the Kazinga Channel in Queen Elizabeth National Park and along the Nile in Murchison Falls National Park. Despite their gentle appearance, hippos are known to be highly territorial and can be very unpredictable and dangerous.
Why special: Despite the valid advice that you should fear them, seeing a hippo emerge from the water to yawn and open its enormous mouth to almost 180 degrees is incredible. Hippos are a combination of "inviting and stay sharp!".
Related article: Why hippos are dangerous and you should keep your distance on safari
9. Giraffes
Giraffes are the tallest animals in the world, and Uganda is home to the endangered Rothschild giraffe. You can spot them in Murchison Falls, Lake Mburo and Kidepo Valley national parks. Murchison Falls has the largest number of giraffes and on any safari, you will see several towers (herds) of giraffes both close to your track and in a distance.
Why special: When most of us think of giraffes, our mind goes to how tall they are but when you see them in person, you notice their beautiful coat, interactions and how big they actually are.
10. Zebras
Uganda’s Lake Mburo National Park is the best place to see zebras. Unlike some of the other larger national parks, Lake Mburo offers more intimate wildlife encounters, and zebras are a frequent sight.
Zebras can often be found grazing along with Uganda kobs and other antelopes - sometimes even crossing to neighbouring ranches to intermingle with cattle for a short period.
Why special: Zebras, with their striking black-and-white stripes, are always a joy to observe. Every zebra’s stripe pattern is unique, making them one of nature’s most stunning animals.
11. Antelopes
Uganda is home to a wide variety of antelope species, including Uganda kobs, impalas, and waterbucks. These graceful animals can be seen in most national parks, with Queen Elizabeth and Murchison Falls being top spots.
Why special: Watching antelopes graze and leap through the savannah adds a simplicity and calmness that makes you forget that you are in the savannah where life is harsh and survival is for the fittest.
Spectacular Birds to Watch in Uganda
With more than 1000 recorded bird species, Uganda is home to about 50% of the bird species in Africa - truly unmatched. Whether you are an avid birder, or someone who just sees birds and finds them pretty, the sights and sounds of birds in Uganda will be memorable.
Here are some of the most iconic birds you’ll encounter on a Uganda safari.
1. Shoebill Stork
The shoebill stork is one of the rarest and most sought-after birds in Uganda. It’s often found in the swamps such as Mabamba Wetland, Semuliki and the Nile delta of Murchison Falls National Park.
Known for its prehistoric appearance, this bird has a huge, shoe-shaped bill that gives it a distinctive look. The shoebill stork is rare and can be tricky to spot, making it a bucket-list bird for many safari-goers.
Why special: Shoebills often hunt in the morning and seeing this huge bird, with its huge bill disturb the water and dive for its food is a moment words couldn't express.
2. African Green Broadbill
The African green broadbill is a rare and endangered bird found in Bwindi Impenetrable Forest. This small, green bird is a gem for birdwatchers due to its rarity and unique colouring.
Why special: Sightings of the African green broadbill are very rare, and spotting one is considered a special achievement in birdwatching.
3. African Fish Eagle
The African fish eagle is often seen soaring above lakes and rivers, including Lake Victoria. Its white head and chest stand out against its dark body, and its powerful calls can be heard from a distance.
A boat safari on Kazinga channel and the Nile river will provide several chances to see fish eagles parched and watching over their territory. If you are lucky, you might even watch it hunt, but that is not our promise to make.
Why special: The African fish eagle is known for its impressive fishing skills, diving into the water to snatch up fish with its talons.
4. African Grey Parrot
Known for its intelligence, the African grey parrot is commonly found in Uganda’s tropical forests, including Kibale Forest. These parrots are famous for their ability to mimic human speech and for their beautiful grey feathers.
Why special: The African grey parrot’s intelligence and social behaviour make it one of the most fascinating birds to observe in the wild.
5. Grey Crowned Crane
The grey crowned crane is Uganda’s national bird. It is easily recognizable by its golden crown of feathers and elegant, slow movements. You can see these birds in grasslands and wetlands across most national parks.
Because it is a national bird loved and protected by everyone, Uganda's population of grey crowned cranes is stable and unlike other places where the bird didn't get such luck to be a national symbol.
Why special: The grey crowned crane is a symbol of beauty and grace, and its striking appearance makes it a highlight of any birdwatching experience.
There is a local parable in Uganda which loosely translates to "the crane is on all the money, but doesn't show off. it rather goes about its business." And while parables are open to interpretation, the crane represents more than itself.
6. Abyssinian Ground Hornbill
This large, ground-dwelling bird is often seen in Kidepo Valley National Park. With its striking black-and-red appearance and powerful beak, the Abyssinian ground hornbill is hard to miss.
Why special: The Abyssinian ground hornbill’s unique appearance and behaviours make it a favourite for birdwatchers visiting Uganda.
7. Great Blue Turaco
The great blue turaco is a brightly coloured bird found in Kibale Forest and Semuliki National Park. With its vivid blue, yellow, and green feathers, it’s one of the most colourful birds in Uganda.
Why special: The great blue turaco is not only beautiful but also highly vocal, adding both colour and sound to Uganda’s forests.
Related article: Top 10 birding spots to visit in Uganda
Unique Safari Experiences in Uganda
Beyond the animals and birds, Uganda offers some truly unique safari experiences that set it apart from other African destinations.
1. Gorilla and Chimpanzee Trekking
Gorilla and chimpanzee trekking are some of the most unique wildlife experiences you can have in Uganda. Tracking these primates through dense forest gives you a deeper connection to these wild primates and their natural environment.
2. Boat Safaris
Boat safaris in Uganda offer a different perspective on wildlife viewing. The Kazinga Channel in Queen Elizabeth National Park and the Nile River in Murchison Falls National Park are prime spots for boat safaris, where you can see hippos, crocodiles, and a variety of birds up close.
3. Night Game Drives
Night game drives offer a chance to spot nocturnal animals like leopards and hyenas. Many parks in Uganda, including Queen Elizabeth National Park, offer night safaris for those looking to see wildlife that is usually hidden during the day.
4. Walking Safaris
For those looking for a more intimate wildlife experience, walking safaris in places like Lake Mburo National Park are a great option. Walking through the bush with a guide gives you the chance to see wildlife up close while learning about the ecosystem from a different perspective.
Where to Go for the Best Safari Experience
Uganda has several national parks and reserves where you can see the country’s diverse wildlife. Here are some of the best places to visit on your Uganda safari:
| # | National Park | Visit For |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Queen Elizabeth National Park | Lions, elephants, birds, and boat safaris on the Kazinga Channel. |
| 2 | Bwindi Impenetrable National Park | Gorilla trekking and birdwatching. |
| 3 | Murchison Falls National Park | Big mammals, boat safaris, and birdwatching. |
| 4 | Kibale National Park | Chimpanzees and birdwatching. |
| 5 | Lake Mburo National Park | Zebras, giraffes, boat safaris, and walking safaris. |
| 6 | Kidepo Valley National Park | Remote and rich with wildlife, including the Abyssinian Ground Hornbill. |
Closing Thoughts
Uganda’s diverse wildlife offers an unforgettable safari experience, with the chance to see both rare species and classic African wildlife.
Whether you're fascinated by mountain gorillas, captivated by the shoebill stork, or excited to track chimpanzees, Uganda is the ultimate destination for wildlife lovers. Uganda’s safaris provide a unique blend of primate tracking, big game viewing, and exceptional birdwatching.
It doesn't matter whether it’s your first safari or you’re a seasoned traveller, Uganda will leave you with memories that last a lifetime. You can mix and match all your interests to come up with a safari that is born from your mind, and actualized in real life.
So, if you’re planning your next safari, make sure Uganda is at the top of your list!